How To Set Up an FTP Server in Windows Server 2003

Install Internet Information Services and the FTP Service

 Because FTP depends on Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS), IIS and the FTP Service must be installed on the computer. To install IIS and the FTP Service, follow these steps.

NOTE: In Windows Server 2003, the FTP Service is not installed by default when you install IIS. If you already installed IIS on the computer, you must use the Add or Remove Programs tool in Control Panel to install the FTP Service.

1.	Click Start, point to Control Panel, and then click Add or Remove Programs.
2.	Click Add/Remove Windows Components.
3.	In the Components list, click Application Server, click Internet Information Services (IIS) (but do not select or clear the check box), and then click Details.
4.	Click to select the following check boxes (if they are not already selected): Common Files File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Service Internet Information Services Manager
5.	Click to select the check boxes next to any other IIS-related service or subcomponent that you want to install, and then click OK.
6.	Click Next.
7.	When you are prompted, insert the Windows Server 2003 CD-ROM into the computer’s CD-ROM or DVD-ROM drive or provide a path to the location of the files, and then click OK.
8.	Click Finish.

IIS and the FTP service are now installed. You must configure the FTP Service before you can use it.

Configure The FTP Service

loadTOCNode(2, \’summary\’); To configure the FTP Service to allow only anonymous connections, follow these steps:

1.	Start Internet Information Services Manager or open the IIS snap-in.
2.	Expand Server_name, where Server_name is the name of the server.
3.	Expand FTP Sites
4.	Right-click Default FTP Site, and then click Properties.
5.	Click the Security Accounts tab.
6.	Click to select the Allow Anonymous Connections check box (if it is not already selected), and then click to select the Allow only anonymous connections check box. When you click to select the Allow only anonymous connections check box, you configure the FTP Service to allow only anonymous connections. Users cannot log on by using user names and passwords.
7.	Click the Home Directory tab.
8.	Click to select the Read and Log visits check boxes (if they are not already selected), and then click to clear the Write check box (if it is not already cleared).
9.	Click OK.
10.	Quit Internet Information Services Manager or close the IIS snap-in.

The FTP server is now configured to accept incoming FTP requests. Copy or move the files that you want to make available to the FTP publishing folder for access. The default folder is drive:\Inetpub\Ftproot, where drive is the drive on which IIS is installed.

 

How to troubleshoot the following message in Windows XP: “A network cable is unplugged“

MORE INFORMATION

loadTOCNode(1, \’moreinformation\’); This message generally appears after you lose a network signal. You may lose a network signal for several reasons. Use the following options to determine the cause of this issue:

•	The network cable is loose or unplugged. To resolve this issue, verify that the network cable is plugged in securely to the correct locations on the computer and on the network device. Note Some computers may have multiple network adapters. If you are not sure where to connect the network cable on the computer, see the computer documentation, or contact the computer manufacturer.
•	The network cable is defective or damaged. Examine the cable for breaks, for tears in the outer covering, or for damaged connectors. Test the network connection by using a network cable that works. If another network cable resolves the issue, replace the defective network cable.
•	The network cable is plugged in securely at both ends, but the network device may not be turned on. Verify that all network hardware is plugged in to a power supply if it is required and is turned on. To resolve this issue, you may have to reset the network device. Some network devices have a reset button. Other network devices require that you turn off the power, wait for several minutes, and then turn the power back on. For more information about how to reset the network device, see its documentation.
•	The network connection may be universal serial bus (USB)-based and may be plugged into a USB hub. Issues can occur on some USB hubs because of power constraints. Non-powered and congested hubs may not supply sufficient power. To resolve this issue, connect the network device directly into the USB port on the computer.
•	The network cable may be the wrong type of cable. For example, a crossover cable does not function correctly as a regular network cable. To resolve this issue, replace the network cable with a network cable that works.
•	The network cable is not connected to the correct port on the network device. To resolve this issue, verify that the network cable is connected to the correct port on the network device. You may lose the network signal if you connect the cable to the uplink port on a hub, on a switch, or on a router instead of on a regular port. If you are not sure where to connect the network cable, see the hardware documentation.
•	Some hubs, switches, and routers disable the port next to the uplink port when the uplink port is being used. To resolve this issue, verify that the port next to the uplink port is empty. If you cannot locate the uplink port, see the hardware documentation.
•	If the network adapter supports a power management option, the following check box may be selected: Allow the computer to turn off this device to save power If the network adapter supports this option, it is available on the Power Management tab of the network adapter properties dialog box. To resolve this issue, disable this option on the Power Management tab. For more information about how to disable this power management option, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base: 811595 (http://support.microsoft.com/kb/811595/) “A network cable has been unplugged” message appears at seemingly random intervals
•	The value for the Media Type property on the network adapter may be set to Auto Select. This property is located on the Advanced tab of the network adapter properties dialog box. To resolve this issue, change the value of the Media Type property to a specific bandwidth. For example, set the value to 10Mbps/Full Duplex, to 100Mbps/Full Duplex, or to an optimum value. Note The steps to change this property vary depending on the manufacturer of the network adapter. In most scenarios, you can follow these steps to change the value of the Media Type property: 1. Click Start, click Run, type ncpa.cpl, and then click OK. 2. Right-click Local Area Connection, and then click Properties. 3. On the General tab, click Configure. 4. In the resulting dialog box, click the Advanced tab. 5. In the Property list, click Media Type or Link Speed & Duplex or something similar. Note If these properties do not appear, look for a property that has the values Duplex and Half-Duplex. 6. Click a specific bandwidth in the Value list, and then click OK. 7. Close the Network Connections dialog box. 8. Test the network connection. 9. If these steps do not resolve the issue, repeat steps 1 through 5, and then click a different value in step 6 until you have tested all values.
•	If you are using a PCI network adapter, the issue may relate to resources. To resolve this issue, physically move the network adapter to an adjacent PCI slot, and then restart the computer. After you restart the computer, the New Hardware Wizard detects and installs the network adapter. If you do not know how to install the network adapter, contact the computer manufacturer, or see the network adapter documentation.

REFERENCES

loadTOCNode(1, \’references\’); For more information about other related network issues, click the following article numbers to view the articles in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:

814152 (http://support.microsoft.com/kb/814152/) “A network cable is unplugged” message when you try to use a network cable to connect to your MN-100 or MN-500

240395 (http://support.microsoft.com/kb/240395/) Description of the possible “Local Area Connection” icon states

822585 (http://support.microsoft.com/kb/822585/) Internet Mail Wizard displays the IP address 0.0.0.0 when a network adapter is disabled

APPLIES TO

•	Microsoft Windows XP Professional
•	Microsoft Windows XP Home Edition

How to wire your own ethernet cables and connectors.

What You Need:

Required:

• CAT 5 Cable – bulk Category 5, 5e or 6 cable
• RJ45 Ends
• Crimper for RJ45
• Wire Cutters – to cut and strip the cable if necessary

Recommend:

• Wire Stripper
• Cable Tester

About the Cable:

You can find bulk supplies of the cable at many computer stores or most electrical or home centers. You want UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair) Category 5 cable for basic 10/100 functionality. You need CAT 5e for gigabit (1000BaseT) operation and CAT 6 gives you a measure of future proofing. Bulk cable comes in many types, there are 2 basic categories, solid and braided cable. Braided cable tends to work better in “patch” applications for desktop use. It is more flexible and resiliant than solid cable and easier to work with, but really meant for shorter lengths. Solid cable is meant for longer runs in a fixed position. Plenum rated cable should/must be used whenever the cable travels through an air circulation space. For example, above a false celing or below a raised floor.You’re likely going to want braided type cable but it may be difficult or impossible to tell from the box. Here is what the internals of the cable look like: <!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>
Internal Cable Structure and Color Coding Inside the cable, there are 8 color coded wires. These wires are twisted into 4 pairs of wires, each pair has a common color theme. One wire in the pair being a solid or primarily solid colored wire and the other being a primarily white wire with a colored stripe (Sometimes cable doesn’t have any color on the striped cable, the only way to tell is to check which other wire it is twisted around). Examples of the naming schemes used are: Orange (alternatively Orange/White) for the solid colored wire and White/Orange for the striped cable. The twists are extremely important. They are there to counteract noise and interference. It is important to wire according to a standard to get proper performance from the cable. The TIA/EIA-568-A specifies two wiring standards for a 8-position modular connector such as RJ45. The two wiring standards, T568A and T568B vary only in the arrangement of the colored pairs. Tom writes to say “…sources suggest using T568A cabling since T568B is the AT&T standard, but the US Government specifies T568A since it matches USOC cabling for pairs 1 & 2, which allows it to work for 1/2 line phones…”. Your choice might be determined by the need to match existing wiring, jacks or personal preference, but you should maintain consistancy. I’ve shown both below for straight through cabling and just T568B for cross over cabling.

About the RJ45 Ends:

The RJ45 end is a 8-position modular connector that looks like a large phone plug. There are a couple variations available. The primary variation you need to pay attention to is whether the connector is intended for braided or solid wire. For braided/stranded wires, the connector has contacts that actually pierce the wire. For solid wires, the connector has fingers which pierce the insulation and make contact with the wire by grasping it from both sides. The connector is the weak point in an ethernet cable, choosing the wrong one will often cause grief later. If you just walk into a computer store, it’s nearly impossible to tell what type of connector it is. Here is a diagram and pinout:
RJ45 Jack and Plug Pinout

Ethernet Cable Pinouts:

There are two basic cables. A straight through cable, which is used to connect to a hub or switch, and a cross over cable used to operate in a peer-to-peer fashion without a hub/switch. Some interfaces can cross and un-cross a cable automatically as needed, really quite nice.

Standard, Straight-Through Wiring (both ends are the same):

RJ45 Pin #	Wire Color (T568A)	Wire Diagram (T568A)	10Base-T Signal 100Base-TX Signal	1000Base-T Signal
1	White/Green	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>	Transmit+	BI_DA+
2	Green	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>	Transmit-	BI_DA-
3	White/Orange	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>	Receive+	BI_DB+
4	Blue	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>	Unused	BI_DC+
5	White/Blue	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>	Unused	BI_DC-
6	Orange	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>	Receive-	BI_DB-
7	White/Brown	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>	Unused	BI_DD+
8	Brown	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>	Unused	BI_DD-

Straight-Through Cable Pinout for T568A

RJ45 Pin #	Wire Color (T568B)	Wire Diagram (T568B)	10Base-T Signal 100Base-TX Signal	1000Base-T Signal
1	White/Orange	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>	Transmit+	BI_DA+
2	Orange	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>	Transmit-	BI_DA-
3	White/Green	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>	Receive+	BI_DB+
4	Blue	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>	Unused	BI_DC+
5	White/Blue	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>	Unused	BI_DC-
6	Green	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>	Receive-	BI_DB-
7	White/Brown	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>	Unused	BI_DD+
8	Brown	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>	Unused	BI_DD-

Straight-Through Cable Pinout for T568B

Cross Over Cable (T568B):

RJ45 Pin # (END 1)	Wire Color	Diagram End #1	RJ45 Pin # (END 2)	Wire Color	Diagram End #2
1	White/Orange	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>	1	White/Green	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>
2	Orange	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>	2	Green	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>
3	White/Green	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>	3	White/Orange	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>
4	Blue	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>	4	White/Brown	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>
5	White/Blue	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>	5	Brown	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>
6	Green	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>	6	Orange	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>
7	White/Brown	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>	7	Blue	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>
8	Brown	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>	8	White/Blue	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>

Cross Over Cable Pinouts +Note: The cross over cable layout is suitable for 1000Base-T operation, all 4 pairs are crossed.

How to wire Ethernet Cables:

1. Strip off about 2 inches of the cable sheath.
2. Untwist the pairs – don’t untwist them beyond what you have exposed, the more untwisted cable you have the worse the problems you can run into.
3. Align the colored wires according to the diagrams above.
4. Trim all the wires to the same length, about 1/2″ to 3/4″ left exposed from the sheath.
5. Insert the wires into the RJ45 end – make sure each wire is fully inserted to the front of the RJ45 end and in the correct order. The sheath of the cable should extend into the RJ45 end by about 1/2″ and will be held in place by the crimp.
6. Crimp the RJ45 end with the crimper tool
7. Verify the wires ended up the right order and that the wires extend to the front of the RJ45 end and make good contact with the metal contacts in the RJ45 end.
8. Cut the cable to length – make sure it is more than long enough for your needs. Remember, an end to end connection should not extend more than 100m (~328ft). Try to keep cables short, the longer the cable becomes the more it may affect performance, usually noticable as a gradual decrease in speed and increase in latency.
9. Repeat the above steps for the second RJ45 end.
10. If a cable tester is available, use it to verify the proper connectivity of the cable.

That should be it, if your cable doesn’t turn out, look closely at each end and see if you can find the problem. Usually a wire ended up in the wrong place or more commonly, one of the wires didn’t extend to the front of the RJ45 connector and is making no, or poor contact. If you see a mistake or problem, cut the end off and start again.

Notes:

Power over Ethernet (PoE):

Power over Ethernet has been implemented in many variations before IEEE standardized 802.3af. 802.3af specifies the ability to supply an endpoint with 48V DC at up 350mA or 16.8W. The endpoint must be capable of receiving power on either the data pairs [Mode A] (often called phantom power) or the unused pairs [Mode B] in 100Base-TX. PoE can be used with any ethernet configuration, including 10Base-T, 100Base-TX and 1000Base-T. Power is only supplied when a valid PoE endpoint is detected by using a low voltage probe to look for the PoE signature on the endpoint. PoE power is typically supplied in one of two ways, either the host ethernet switch provides the power, or a “midspan” device is plugged in between the switch and endpoints which supplies the power. No special cabling is required.

RJ45 Pin #	Wire Color (T568A)	Wire Diagram (T568A)	10Base-T Signal 100Base-TX Signal	PoE
1	White/Green	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>	Transmit+	Mode A +
2	Green	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>	Transmit-	Mode A +
3	White/Orange	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>	Receive+	Mode A -
4	Blue	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>	Unused	Mode B +
5	White/Blue	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>	Unused	Mode B +
6	Orange	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>	Receive-	Mode A -
7	White/Brown	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>	Unused	Mode B -
8	Brown	<!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>	Unused	Mode B -

Power over Ethernet Power Delivery

Protocol Details:

	Frequency (MHz)	Symbol Encoding	Signal Rate (Mbaud)	Symbol Rate	Data Encoding	Data Bits per Symbol	Pairs per Channel	Pairs Used	Minimum Cable Category
10BaseT	10	Manchester	10	10	None	1	1	2	3
100BaseT4	12.5	Multi-level, 2T/Hz	25	25	8B6T	8/6	3	4	3
100BaseTX	31.25	MLT-3	125	125	4B5B	4/5	1	2	5
100BaseT2	12.5	PAM5×5 (2D-PAM5)	25	12.5	None	4 (2×2)	2	2	3
1000BaseT	31.25	4D-PAM5	125	31.25	None	8 (4×2)	4	4	5*

*Designed to work on MOST category 5 cable, category 5e specifications ensure 1000Base-T operation

Cable Category Details:

Cable Category	Rated Frequency Bandwidth (MHz)	Common Uses
1	None	Common Use
2	1	Telephone Wiring
3	16	Telephone Wiring, 10Base-T
4	20	Token-Ring, 10Base-T
5	100	100Base-TX, 10Base-T
5e	100	1000Base-T, 100Base-TX
6	250	1000Base-T, 100Base-TX
6a*	500	10GBase-T
7	600

Increasing category levels are backward compatible.
Manufacturers will often test and certify their cable well beyond the standards.
*10GBase-T should work on Cat6, but to get the full 100m range, Cat 6a is required.

Related Reading Material

• Get IEEE 802 – Ethernet Standards
• Charles Spurgeon’s Ethernet Website
• Network Connection Speeds Reference
• Fiber Optic Connector Reference
• Ethernet: The Definitive Guide <!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>
• Interconnections: Bridges, Routers, Switches, and Internetworking Protocols <!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>
• The Switch Book: The Complete Guide to LAN Switching Technology <!–[if !vml]–><!–[endif]–>
• TCP/IP Illustrated 3 Volume Set:
  
  • The Protocols (TCP/IP Illustrated, Volume 1)
  • The Implementation (TCP/IP Illustrated, Volume 2)
  • TCP for Transactions, HTTP, NNTP, and the UNIX(R) Domain Protocols (TCP/IP Illustrated, Volume 3)
• UNIX Network Programming
  
  • Unix Network Programming, Vol. 1: The Sockets Networking API, Third Edition
  • UNIX Network Programming, Volume 2: Interprocess Communications (2nd Edition)